The female penguin lays a single, rather large egg, which is held by the male penguin on its feet to keep the egg off the cold ground. A fold of skin forms a warm pouch around the egg, similar to the pouched animals of Australia. After the egg hatches, the little baby stays there, too. Penguins make very good parents. Not all penguins are located in icy places. Some penguins live on the Galapagos islands, which is relatively warm for penguins. But most penguins are built for the colder climates, and there are many different kinds that live on Antarctica. What is a baby seal called? Pup Whereas penguins are birds that returned to the water, seals and sealions are like dogs that returned to the water. The legs changed to flippers, they grew additional layers of fat to protect against the colder water, and they can hold their breath for extended periods. The main differences between seals and sealions are that sealions have small ears while seals just have ear holes; and sealions can pull their hind fins up under them to move around on ground while seals flop around like fish out of water. Seals actually live all over the world as long as they are fairly near land. A picture of a cute little white seal pup can be seen in the Arctic page. And seals are equally at home in the moderate waters, such as off the coast of California. Both seals and penguins seem to live a rather carefree and playful life in the sea, darting in and out of the seaweed and chasing their friends in games of tag. But they also have certain predators that hunt them. Perhaps the scariest of these creatures is a big dolphin called the orca, or killer whale. A killer whale chases some sealions on land. The orca has been depicted in many movies as a very vicious man-eating predator, but this is mostly myth. The movie "Free Willy" shows that the orca is really quite friendly to humans. And since it is in the dolphin family, it is extremely intelligent as well. Curiously, besides the penguins, the only other animal to spend a great amount of time on Antarctica is man. These people are confined to their dwellings most of the time, since wind chill temperatures can reach 100 degrees below zero, and even colder! In fact man is able to adapt to more environments than any other known animal. He can be seen everywhere from the top of Mount Everest to the bottom of the sea, and from the snowdrifts of Antarctica to the hottest parts of the Sahara desert. He's even been to the moon. Now that's something to think about! Return to the Polar regions.